Iran’s recent large-scale missile attack on Israel has triggered mixed reactions across the country, highlighting deep divisions within Iranian society. While some citizens took to the streets to celebrate, waving flags and chanting “Death to Israel,” others expressed concern over the potential for war and the worsening economic situation.
Within minutes of the strike, Persian social media platforms were flooded with videos of missiles flying overhead, accompanied by celebratory images broadcast on state television. But online, many Iranians voiced fears about the consequences of further escalation. Tensions and debates erupted, with citizens expressing anxiety over the possibility of war, which has largely been kept in the shadows between the two nations until now.
The Iranian government, through its Revolutionary Guards, claimed the strike targeted Israeli military and intelligence bases in retaliation for the killings of leaders from Hamas and Hezbollah. Israel’s military described the attack as indiscriminate, stating that while most of it was thwarted by air defences, there were casualties, and millions of Israelis were forced into bomb shelters. Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu warned that Iran had made a “big mistake” and would face repercussions.
For many Iranians, particularly those supportive of the government, the missile attack was a moment of national pride. Some celebrated the display of power by the Supreme Leader and the Revolutionary Guards, but this enthusiasm was not shared by all. Many citizens, especially those opposed to the regime, saw the strike as an unnecessary provocation that would lead to further economic hardship and suppression of reform movements.
Rumours quickly circulated that Israel might retaliate by targeting Iran’s vital oil infrastructure, prompting long lines at petrol stations as people rushed to stock up on fuel. Videos surfaced showing anxious Iranians, fearing that the attack would result in shortages and further price hikes.
The missile strike has also dashed hopes for diplomatic progress in the region. Some Iranians had held out hope that the election of Masoud Pezeshkian as president in July would ease tensions. However, this latest escalation is seen by many as a step away from diplomacy and a step closer to conflict.
The attack has also stoked fears that the Iranian government may use the conflict as an excuse to intensify its crackdown on internal dissent. Activists involved in the “Woman, Life, Freedom” protests, which began two years ago, worry that a potential war could empower the government to further suppress calls for reform.
While there is widespread discontent within the country over the government’s handling of the economy and foreign policy, many Iranians believe that any change should come from within, without foreign intervention. Others are calling for regime change, viewing it as the only way to save the country from further turmoil.
As tensions rise, the fear of a strong retaliatory strike from Israel, which possesses advanced military capabilities, looms large. The uncertainty and vulnerability have made the situation feel more precarious than ever before for the Iranian people.